Daily Current Affairs Quiz: September 12, 2025

Statement 1 is Correct: Genetic diversity (variety of genes within a species) helps in adaptability. Example: Rice varieties with different genes can withstand pests, drought, or floods better.

Statement 2 is Correct: Species diversity is measured by species richness and species evenness in a region. Example: Western Ghats have high species diversity of amphibians.

Statement 3 is Correct:

• Ecosystem diversity = variety of ecosystems within a geographical area.

Example: Desert, grassland, forest, and wetland diversity across India.

Statement 1 is Incorrect: The Himalaya hotspot covers the entire Indian Himalayan Region (including NE hill ranges), but Indo-Burma is a separate hotspot, not included under Himalaya.

Statement 2 is Correct: Only Nicobar Islands fall under Sundalands hotspot. Andamans are ecologically linked to Indo-Burma but not counted under Sundalands.

Statement 3 is Correct: Western Ghats have high endemism, particularly in amphibians (e.g., over 80% of amphibians here are endemic).

Statement 1 is Correct: Great Indian Bustard (found in Rajasthan and Gujarat) is Critically Endangered due to habitat loss, hunting, and power line collisions.

Statement 2 is Correct: Lion-tailed Macaque is endemic to the Western Ghats and listed as Endangered.

Statement 3 is Incorrect: Olive Ridley is not endemic; it is distributed widely across tropical oceans. They have important nesting sites on Odisha coast, but species is global.

Statement 1 is Correct: In-situ is conservation at the natural site. Examples: National Parks, Wildlife Sanctuaries, Sacred Groves, Community Reserves.

Statement 2 is Correct: Ex-situ is conservation outside natural habitat. Examples: Zoos, Botanical Gardens, Gene Banks, Seed Banks.

Statement 3 is Incorrect: National Parks are in-situ, not ex-situ.

Statement 1 is Correct: CBD was adopted in 1992, Rio de Janeiro.

Objectives:

• conservation of biodiversity
• sustainable use
• fair and equitable benefit-sharing.

Statement 2 is Incorrect: USA has signed but not ratified the CBD, mainly due to domestic concerns over sovereignty and biotech patents.

Statement 3 is Correct: CITES (1973) = legally binding treaty regulating international trade in endangered species via permit system. It has 3 Appendices with varying levels of protection.