Daily Current Affairs Quiz: January 16, 2026

Statement 1 is correct: Makkhali Gosala was the most prominent and influential leader of the Ajivika sect and a contemporary of the Buddha and Mahavira.

Statement 2 is incorrect: Ajivikas believed in Niyati (absolute determinism)—the idea that everything is preordained. Human actions do not influence outcomes, so the concept of karma as action–consequence was rejected.

Statement 3 is correct: The Ajivikas were known to lead ascetic lives and lived in organized groups or communities, adhering to strict disciplinary practices and renunciation.

Statement 1 is correct: Right Faith (Samyak Darshana) means true belief and confidence in Jain doctrines, the Tirthankaras, and the path to liberation.

Statement 2 is incorrect: Right Knowledge (Samyak Jnana) is not acquired solely through scriptural study. It also includes correct perception, understanding, and experiential insight, free from doubt and error.

Statement 3 is correct: Right Conduct (Samyak Charitra) involves strict observance of the five great vows:

ahimsa, satya, asteya, brahmacharya, and aparigraha.

Statement 4 is incorrect: The three jewels are interdependent and complementary. Right Faith leads to Right Knowledge, which in turn enables Right Conduct; they cannot function in isolation.

Statement 1 is correct: Prajnaparamita Sutras are Mahayana Buddhist texts that focus on the concept of transcendental wisdom (prajna).

Statement 2 is correct: Vimalakirti Nirdesa Sutra is a Mahayana Buddhist scripture that emphasizes non-duality and highlights the spiritual potential of lay followers.

Statement 3 is incorrect: Tattvartha Sutra is a foundational Jain philosophical text authored by Umasvati, not a Buddhist scripture.

Statement 4 is incorrect: Bhagavati Sutra is an important Jain Agama text, also known as Vyakhyaprajnapti, and does not belong to Buddhist literature.

Option A is incorrect: Nirvana is not described as a heavenly realm or paradise of eternal bliss in Buddhism.

Option B is incorrect: Nirvana does not mean annihilation or extinction of individual consciousness; it signifies freedom from ignorance and craving.

Option C is incorrect: Buddhism does not emphasize union with a divine being or a supreme reality.

Option D is correct: Nirvana represents the complete cessation of suffering (dukkha) and the end of the cycle of birth and rebirth by eliminating desire, attachment, and ignorance.

Statement 1 is correct: The Four Noble Truths form the core of the Buddha’s teachings and explain the reality of suffering (dukkha) and the way to overcome it.

Statement 2 is correct: The Eightfold Path provides a comprehensive guide for ethical conduct, mental discipline, and wisdom.

Statement 3 is correct: The doctrine of Karma explains how intentional actions influence rebirth and future experiences.

Statement 4 is correct: Values such as compassion (karuna), loving-kindness (metta), and wisdom (prajna) are central to Buddhist practice.