Q3.With reference to the term ‘Ecology’, consider the following statements:
- It is the study of the relationships between living organisms, including humans, and their physical environment.
- It seeks to understand the vital connections between plants and animals and the world around them.
- Ecology also provides information about the benefits of ecosystems and how we can use Earth’s resources in ways that leave the environment healthy for future generations.
- The term was coined by German zoologist Ernst Haeckel in 1866, who defined it as the ‘comprehensive science of the relationship of the organism to the environment’.
How many of the statements given above are correct?
Answer: C [All four]
Explanation:Statement 1 is correct: Ecology is indeed the study of the relationships between living organisms, including humans, and their physical environment. It encompasses the interactions between organisms and their surroundings, including both biotic (living) and abiotic (non-living) components.
Statement 2 is correct: A core aspect of ecology is understanding the vital connections between plants and animals and the world around them. These connections include trophic interactions (food webs), symbiotic relationships, and the influence of environmental factors on species distribution and abundance.
Statement 3 is correct: Ecology plays a crucial role in informing us about the benefits of ecosystems and how we can sustainably utilize Earth’s resources. It provides insights into ecosystem services, such as clean water and air, pollination, and climate regulation, and guides practices that promote environmental health for current and future generations.
Statement 4 is correct: The term “ecology” was indeed coined by German zoologist Ernst Haeckel in 1866. He defined ecology as the comprehensive science of the relationship of the organism to the environment, encompassing both organic and inorganic environments.
