Approach of the Answer:

Introduction: Explain what IGMDP is and when it was introduced.

Body:

Explain key features of IGMDP and recent developments.
throw light on recent developments in indigenous missile technology.
Explain India's defence export.

Conclusion: Show the transition of India as an import-dependent country to an export-orientated country in defence technology.

Answer: The Integrated Guided Missile Development Programme (IGMDP) was launched in 1983 under the leadership of Dr APJ Abdul Kalam to establish self-reliance in missile technology. It led to the development of five missile systems—Prithvi, Agni, Trishul, Akash, and Nag. The programme was successfully completed in 2008, making India a key player in missile technology.

Key Characteristics of IGMDP and Recent Developments:

Missile Systems Developed: The IGMDP resulted in the creation of Prithvi (surface-to-surface), Agni (ballistic), Trishul (short-range surface-to-air), Akash (medium-range surface-to-air), and Nag (anti-tank guided missile). These formed the foundation of India’s missile arsenal.
Strategic Deterrence: The programme enhanced India’s nuclear deterrence capabilities with the successful development of Agni-series missiles, particularly Agni-V, which has an intercontinental range.
Advancements in Hypersonic Technology: The Hypersonic Technology Demonstrator Vehicle (HSTDV) was successfully tested, paving the way for hypersonic cruise missiles with speeds over Mach 6.
BrahMos Developments: The BrahMos-II hypersonic missile and the BrahMos-NG (Next Generation) for air and naval platforms are key ongoing projects under indigenous missile development.
Surface-to-Air Defence Systems: The Very Short-Range Air Defence System (VSHORADS) and SANT (Stand-off Anti-Tank Missile) have been developed to enhance India’s defence capabilities.

Indigenous Development in Missile Technology:

Agni-Series Missiles: The Agni series, developed indigenously, has transformed India’s nuclear deterrence with long-range ballistic missiles like Agni-V and Agni Prime (Agni-P).
Advanced Air Defence: The Akash and Akash-NG missiles, developed by DRDO, provide a strong air defence shield against enemy aircraft and missiles.
Anti-Tank and Precision-Guided Munitions: The Nag missile, along with its helicopter-launched version Helina, enhances India's capability in anti-tank warfare.
Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs): Indigenous UAVs like Rustom and Tapas-BH have been developed for reconnaissance and combat roles.
Missile Production Infrastructure: India has set up state-of-the-art missile production facilities, including the Integrated Missile Development Centre and Defence Technology Centre, ensuring large-scale indigenous manufacturing.

India’s Defence Exports:

Record Growth in Defence Exports: India's defence exports have grown from ₹1,941 crore in 2014-15 to ₹21,083 crore in 2023-24, reflecting a massive surge in global demand.
Major Export Deals: India signed a $375 million deal with the Philippines for BrahMos missiles, with potential buyers from Southeast Asia and the Middle East.
Global Reach: India now exports defence equipment to over 100 countries, with top destinations including the USA, France, and Armenia.
Diverse Product Portfolio: India exports bulletproof jackets, Dornier (Do-228) aircraft, fast interceptor boats, and lightweight torpedoes.
Ambitious Export Targets: India aims to achieve ₹50,000 crore in defence exports by 2029, solidifying its position as a global defence manufacturing hub.

The IGMDP played a crucial role in India's transformation from an import-dependent nation to an independent missile producer. With advancements in hypersonic missiles, UAVs, and ballistic missile defence, India is now a key global player in missile technology. The growth of defence exports highlights India's emergence as a trusted defence partner worldwide.

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